The Technological Advancements of the World Wars

In this in-depth study project, you may choose to look at the connection between the world wars and technology in general, or you may choose a few important technological advancements, study them closely, and discuss their significance.
What to include
description of the technological advancements
information about how and why the technology was developed
information about which side was responsible for the development. Were technological advancements on one side met with similar advancements from their enemies?
discussion about their significance in the war and after the war.

Suggested sources to start from
The National WWII Museum New Orleans: 'The Scientific and Technological Advances of World War II'.
Australian Government, Department of Veteran's Affair: 'Technology and equipment developed during World War I'.
History: 'Manhattan Project'.