Trade Unions in the United States

What is a Trade Union?

A trade union is an organized group of workers who join forces to protect and promote their rights and interests in the workplace. The primary role of a union is to negotiate with employers on behalf of its members on issues such as wages, working conditions, benefits, and other employment-related concerns. Through collective bargaining, unions strive to ensure fair treatment, better safety standards, and improved job security for workers.

Beyond negotiations, unions often provide support and guidance to members facing workplace challenges, such as disputes with employers or legal issues. By uniting workers, trade unions aim to give employees a stronger voice in decisions that affect their professional lives.

Norway vs the United States

In Norway, trade union membership is far more prevalent than in the United States. Around 50% of the Norwegian workforce is unionized, reflecting a strong tradition of collective bargaining and organized labor. This stands in stark contrast to the United States, where union membership has declined to around 10% as of 2023.

Norway’s high union membership is rooted in its social-democratic model, which emphasizes cooperation between unions, employers, and the government. In comparison, the U.S. takes a more individualistic approach to labor relations, with many Americans preferring to handle workplace matters on their own.

Unions in the United States

Despite widespread skepticism toward trade unions, they have existed in the U.S. since the late 18th century. Unions gained significant momentum during times of economic hardship, such as the Great Depression of the 1930s, when unemployment rates soared. Similarly, union membership grew during and after the Second World War. However, union growth has been inconsistent, with periods of slow development.

Union membership in the U.S. began to decline in the latter half of the 20th century. One reason for this decline is the shift from manufacturing industries—traditionally union strongholds—to the expanding service sector. More importantly, American culture often favors minimal interference in personal career matters, such as negotiating salaries, benefits, working hours, and job roles. While many Europeans prefer the stability of staying in one job for most of their careers, Americans often embrace change. Job-hopping and relocating across the country are seen as exciting opportunities to advance one’s career.

Americans are divided on the value of trade unions. Supporters argue that unions give workers a platform to be heard and improve their conditions by fostering a sense of belonging, security, and pride. Critics, however, believe unions can hinder business efficiency and, in turn, reduce individual profits. As a result, union membership in the U.S. remains low, with many workers choosing independence over collective representation.